Self-Deception in Macbeth free essay sample

In the expressions of Bemos Thenes, â€Å"Nothing is simpler then self-misleading for what man wishes that he additionally accepts to be valid. † Self misdirection is a human shortcoming. It implies that despite the fact that something perhaps off-base and false if an individual trusts it enough it will happen. Regardless of what somebody may state, it is difficult to change ones conclusion since that is the thing that the individual really accepts. This is depicted in William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, through the activities of different characters. Shakespeare obviously shows the possibility of self-double dealing through their activities and how this self-trickiness prompts moral issue. Macbeth is a play that is about double dealing. Directly from the earliest starting point when the three witches meet to talk, the state of mind being nothing is very as it appears is set when they state â€Å"Fair is fowl and foul is reasonable, Hover through haze and messy air† (I: I: 11-12). This statement causes it to appear that something terrible will happen soon, and it additionally causes the mind-set to appear to be dull and vile. The three witches have a huge job in causing characters, for example, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to become self-double dealing. The three witches know precisely what will occur on the off chance that they reveal to Macbeth their prediction, yet they choose to let him know such that he deciphers all off-base, and doesn’t really think about him for Macbeth. Hecate, the principle witch, says to the three witches â€Å"And all you realize security is humans chiefest foe. † (III: V: 32-33). This implies comfort and arrogance in yourself is the most noticeably terrible thing for you; it will at last carry you to your destruction, which is actually what they are attempting to do to Macbeth. In spite of the fact that the witches constrained Macbeth to act naturally trickery, Lady Macbeth did to. Woman Macbeth is a character that is truly adept at convincing to get what she needs. She was the person who pushed Macbeth to kill Duncan in any event, when he had his questions, she caused him to think everything would work out and that it was the correct activity, she made his self-trickery. By saying â€Å"Look like the guiltless blossom however the snake under it† (I: V: 73-74), she is causing him to proceed with the homicide and to accept and play it off like it will end up being great at long last. Despite the fact that Lady Macbeth assists with making her significant other self-double dealing, she too ends up being in any way self-trickery. She acts like she isn't influenced by the ongoing occasions brought about by her and her significant other yet then separates. The staggering sentiment of disappointment that she continues attempting to play off shields her from resting soundly and eating ordinarily. During her rest Lady Macbeth started to talk in her rest, something she said was that â€Å"all the aromas of Arabia won't improve this little hand. † (V: I: 47). This was giving her blame towards the homicide of Duncan and that she can't forget about it. Not long after this is said she ends it all. Macbeth is the character Shakespeare utilized most to depict his concept of self-duplicity through. Macbeth was made to act naturally misleading as a result of the witches’ prescience that presented to him his carelessness and a lot of consolation. In any case, his better half likewise made him thusly. Woman Macbeth scrutinized his masculinity when he needed to stop and not proceed with the arrangement and caused him to accept what they were doing ought to occur and will turn out to be impeccably for them. During the play Macbeth accepts what the witches let him know. He accepts so much that in any event, when everything begins self-destructing, he returns to the witches to perceive what else they state. He continue imagining this is what’s expected to occur and it’s going to begin being better soon. Despite the fact that Macbeth accepts that all is well, much the same as Lady Macbeth he is losing rest over the blame. Macbeth started to get holy of getting captured, so to cover it up he continued killing individuals. He began with Duncan’s monitors so they couldn’t have the option to recount to individuals their story, next was his closest companion Banquo in light of the fact that he was apprehensive Banquo would tell individuals his doubts, and afterward was Macduffs family, attempting to get to Macduff yet he wasn’t there. Subsequent to making a decent attempt to cover everything up, and being so self-double dealing Macbeth at long last beginning so observe the end and what’s truly coming to them. â€Å"The approach to dusty demise. Out, out brief flame! Life’s yet a mobile shadow, a helpless player That swaggers and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a story Told by a bonehead, full stable and wrath, connoting nothing. † (V: V: 25-30). This is the statement Macbeth says when he knows what’s seeking him, yet he despite everything ends up being self-misdirection by tuning in to what the witches disclosed to him that he can't be slaughtered by somebody conceived of a ladies. Macbeth by and by deduction he’s strong doesn’t understand that somebody who was conceived of a cesarean segment could slaughter him, since they are not in fact conceived of a lady. Macbeth didn't know Macduff was brought into the world like that, and it is the reason Macduff is the one to slaughter Macbeth. In rundown, self-double dealing is the human shortcoming that at long last will carry you to a ruin. Appeared through the deceptive, ravenousness, and pomposity of characters, William Shakespeare has shown self-trickery the crowd and perusers of his sad play Macbeth. This play shows how misleading is begun and what it does to you, for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth it began being something worth being thankful for, Macbeth was King as we needed, however everything returned to them and caused them into craziness, driving them both to death.

Heathrow Airport - Terminal 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Heathrow Airport - Terminal 5 - Assignment Example The tasks are a unique office in an association that manages the investigation of the exercises to be done in the organization. The techniques to be received by an association are guided, arranged and created by the higher official officials in the association. The systems embraced in business are really the drawn out arranging of the business firms. A business procedure can be embraced by an organization for a time of 3 to 5 years, or at times considerably longer than that (Honda Motor Company, 2007). The significant asset issues identified with an association are likewise understood by a business technique like, the issue of raising assets for another assembling plant. The asset designation to be embraced in an association is likewise concluded by its business techniques. The business techniques are significantly of two kinds. These are nonexclusive and serious in nature (Dale, 2003). The conventional techniques embraced by a business association manages its development openings. C hoices identified with new acquisitions or buys made by a business firm are taken by the set up nonexclusive business procedures of the firm. After the rise of globalization, the vast majority of the corporate firms have ended up being worldwide firms. Nonetheless, the choices of internationalization of the organizations are additionally embraced by the conventional methodologies received by the association. The conservation exercises of a business firm are additionally completed according to the conventional procedures. In this manner, it very well may be broke down that the nonexclusive techniques embraced by a business firm are the components that at last impact the development of the organizations (Alkhafaji, 2003). In the contemporary business world, the level of rivalry among the organizations is too much high. Along these lines, following the perspectives on David Ricardo, the organizations attempt to concentrate on their upper hands. The serious procedure causes a business f irm to work according to its center abilities. For instance, the procedure of separation (as far as cost or subjective parts of items), received by the corporate firms is a sort of serious business methodology. The cutting edge firms take the choice to deliver based on economies of scale underway. This is likewise a type of the serious system embraced by the business firms. To put it plainly, a business system clarifies the way through which an organization would be moving toward the commercial centers. There lies a vital connection between the business methodologies and operational techniques. Operational systems are the ones that are basically worried about the procedure through which a corporate association can make an interpretation of its business methodologies into a type of pragmatic and durable execution plan (Porter, 1998). The operational systems received by a business firm list the innovation to be utilized in the association. These techniques likewise guarantee that an o rganization has the ideal labor. The operational system embraced in a business firm likewise watches and takes dynamic activities to improve certain offices that are not all around created. As per the perspectives on certain researchers, operational system is really an all-inclusive type of business technique. For example, a firm should have a target to enlarge its gross working pay by 10% in at regular intervals. This is a sort of a business procedure that is received by the firm. Assume so as to guarantee the abovementioned

What Are Really The Reasons Behind Why People Want Children Essays

What are actually the explanations for why individuals need kids? For what reason do individuals need youngsters? This inquiry may appear to be somewhat unimportant, yet when you take into influence the a huge number of individuals that have youngsters every day the inquiry rapidly takes on another light. This isn't simply only an individual inquiry that influences just a couple of people, it is a lot bigger than that since it influences and directs the entire human populace. This issue unmistakably turns out to be progressively significant when this is considered. The subject of why individuals need youngsters is all around exemplified in Bernard R. Berelson's exposition The Value Of Children: A Taxonomical Essay. Berelson looks at all the significant reasons that individuals would need to have youngsters individually. Berelson opens with the primary explanation of organic. He poses inquiries like, do individuals inherently need kids for some implicit explanation of physiology? Is there anything to maternal sense, or parental nature? Or on the other hand is science happy with the sex intuition as the best approach to guarantee continuity(220)? Berelson attempts to address these inquiries by contrasting infants with grown-ups and furthermore the response that grown-ups need to babies. Berelson states the way that infants appear to be completely unique from grown-ups. They have enormous heads, huge temples, eyes nearly in the focal point of their head on account of their huge brow, and they are fat contrasted with grown-ups. This is the reason Berelson accepts that this childishness triggers something within man that makes him need to secure and think about the infant. At the point when social customs direct the quantity of kids a family has this can be viewed as the social impact of having youngsters. In many societies even the quantity of kids one has is dictated by the general public. These social normalities can decide if a family has an extremely modest quantity to a huge sum. Having kids so as to pick up power is the political side to having youngsters. Berelson expresses all the political reasons very well when he says, There are political units for whom aggregate childbearing is or has been unequivocally supported as a segment obligation nations worried about national magnificence or serious political position; governments worried about the flexibly of laborers and fighters; houses of worship worried about engendering of the confidence or their relative quality; ethnic minorities worried about their political force; semantic networks seeking position; groups and clans worried over their relative status inside a bigger setting(221). This exp lanation that Berelson makes plainly stresses all the political purposes behind having youngsters. Obviously, how might one overlook that there are monetary explanations behind having or not having kids? Regardless of whether you have kids or don't clearly they are unquestionably a monetary choice. In social orders like our own, as Berelson brings up, having kids is an expensive undertaking. Berelson talks reality with regards to what guardians are truly thinking before having a youngster when he says, before origination: another kid or an outing to Europe; a birth conceded for another vehicle, the nth kid requiring more consumption on training or housing(222). These contemplations go through pretty much all viewpoint guardians before the choice is made to have youngsters. There is acceptable side to the monetary purpose behind poor people. The poor can utilize their youngsters to work, chase, assist take with minding of the home and other kids, in certain social orders on the off chance that one is a female she can get a settlement for an organized marriage, lastly for help when the guardians become more seasoned and need it. Despite the fact that as Berelson states, the two social orders and families will in general pick way of life over number of kids whenever the open door presents itself(222). There is consistently the explanation of family or as Berelson puts it Familial. The reasons of familial are to broaden a family name, to attempt to satisfy the predecessors, and to empower legitimate strict functions for certain societies. The family bond can likewise be utilized to help or hold a marriage together. A family gives one a conviction that all is good, the kid as well as the guardians. Berelson makes an occasionally not exactly clear explanation when he says, Youngsters need family, yet the family appears to be likewise to require children(223). The last subject that Berelson goes into

Symbolism in Edgar Allan Poe's The Masque of the Red Death Essay

Imagery in Edgar Allan Poe's The Masque of the Red Death - Essay Example A few people would quit perusing a savage story if the essayist doesn't cover his story utilizing emblematic language. In this article, I expect to delineate different examples of imagery depicted in Allan’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. A peruser of Poe story would contemplate about the representative language from the time that the person in question peruses the title of the story. â€Å"The Masque of Red Death†, this title represent that Poe has utilized shading to represent occasions in his story. What's more, the name utilized in the title has a representative importance to peruser. Since this is the title of the story and the peruser is yet to investigate the substance of the story. The person will create extraordinary enthusiasm for the story so as to know the more profound significance of the story and the images utilized by the author of the story. Poe’s story has three unmistakable cases in which uses of imagery show up. The primary events are name, number, and shading. Poe utilized shading to represent feelings, mentality, or sentiments of the events in the story. For instance, in the story the author discusses dark chamber, which represents passing. The author makes reference to six different chambers which he gives different hues to show different significance to the story. ... The red shading alarmed numerous characters in the story. The characters attempted their best to keep off from the red shading since they believed they would seep to death. It is additionally essential to take note of that Poe imagery of shading outlined various dispositions and importance to the story. Sovereign, the main character in Poe’s story went through the six chambers at various occurrences. Prominently, every one of the six chambers had various hues. This represented various states of mind, which the sovereign procured in the story. Human feelings in the story appear to the peruser utilizing shading. At the point when the sovereign went into each room, he changed his feelings. It is questionable that in the story, Poe effectively utilized shading to show different stages throughout everyday life. Red shading depicted a fatal infection, which would in the long run lead to the passing of the ruler as represented operating at a profit room. Characters in the story dread ed red shading since they realized it spoke to a terminal ailment that would wipe them from earth. Poe utilizes number in the story to impact the feelings of the peruser. Seven shows up as a blessed number related with marvels of the world. Assurance of shrewdness in the story is clear as it battles to decimate the sacred number. Likely, the plague of red demise happened in the seventh chamber. In the story, characters are watchful with regards to perceptions of numbers since they realized that each number had an emblematic importance. As the clock tickled, the characters in the story watched the number that the clock pointed. A difference in feelings is clear in their appearances in each number that the clock focuses. At 12 PM, pitiful temperament overwhelm the room since red passing happened at this hour. Clearly, life would be useful for the characters, as long as the clock hand doesn't

Effects of Makeup and Self Image Essays - Scientific Method

Impacts of Makeup and Self Image Essays - Scientific Method Stephanie Sedhom Impacts of Makeup and Self Image 1. Name 4 non-logical methods of thinking about the world. There are four nonscientic methods of thinking about the world. First is presence of mind, which implies the data is plainly obvious. Second is relentlessness, which means the quality or truth of proceeding to exist; diligence. The tirelessness of specific fantasies inside the authentic record. Third is authority, built up conviction dependent on conspicuousness or significance of source. In conclusion instinct, something that just makes sense utilization of discerning procedures with advantage of understanding. 2. Name seven regular blunders of human request. The seven regular blunders in human request are off base perception, overgeneralization, specific perception, made-up data, irrational thinking, inner self contribution in understanding, untimely conclusion of request. 3. Characterize free factor and state Independent variable in your investigation. An autonomous variable is a variable that remains solitary isn't change by different examples you're attempting to quantify. An autonomous variable in my investigation is sex. 4. Characterize subordinate variable and wellbeing subordinate variable in your examination. A reliant variable is something that relies upon different components. In an investigation you are searching for a connection between two things you are attempting to discover what rolls out ward variable improvement. In my investigation a case of a reliant variable would be the measure of online life my subject has been impacted by. 5. Recognize quantitative and subjective research and state which inquire about strategy you are using. Subjective research is to give a total point by point depiction of the examination theme. It is typically progressively exploratory in nature. Quantitative research concentrates more in directing and arranging highlights and developing factual models and figures to clarify what is watched. My examination will include subjective information since it will incorporate meetings pictures and recordings.

Hi, Im Lulu

Hi, I’m Lulu Hi, Im your second new blogger, theres Keri, and then theres me. Youll probably like her better but I hope you like me, too. Most of the basic things you need to know about me and this blog you can read about in my biography, but heres a little more! I was born in China, grew up there in a valley between the mountains, moved to the outskirts of DC when I was 8, and then to several other places before settling down in New Haven. My essay for MIT was about my life before age 8. My interview for MIT was 3 hours long. I sent a photography portfolio and a supplemental essay. I was admitted Early Action and withdrew most of my pending applications. I write some, I take pictures a lot. Im going to concentrate in art. I like science, too. 8.012 made me fall in love with physics. You see, I say Im a double-major, but thats mostly just a convenience thing. Sometime near the end of freshman year I made a list of all the classes Id like to take at MIT and realized Id be here for 8 years. So I wittled the list down to must-haves and cant-live-withouts and it made a doable courseload. When I looked up my major requirements I saw that if I took one more physics class Id get a degree in physics as well. So, whether or not I double major depends on whether or not I feel like taking this one extra physics class (in case youre wondering the class in question is 8.044). This is a photography blog. Im still not entirely sure what that means but you can bet there will be pictures. So, pictures of what? Im here by popular demand so tell me what you want to see! If youre getting sick of pictures and youd like to hear more about how I go about embarrassing myself on a daily basis I can do that, too. Here, I will start you off! A picture! But thats not all! Two! Two Pictures! 77 Mass Ave near sunset Killian Court about midday And also, I did not take the following picture: Remember, I take suggestions, I take questions! Dont worry about asking stupid questions because Ill delete them quickly before anyone sees. And also, comment a lot, comment often! Or else I will think I am unpopular and start doing things for attention. Thats it for now! Bye! -lulu

New SAT Math Overview

The Basics of New SAT Math Unlike the old SAT in which the concepts varied over tests, the New SAT is very specific about exactly the types of questions that you’ll see on test day. While this knowledge might seem academic (Why should I care? Don’t I just have to get the question right?), knowing how often a certain concept pops up will help you prioritize your prep time. Trigonometry, one of the concepts that everybody is worried about, falls under a section called Additional Topics in Math. Since there are a few other question types that fall under Additional Topics, you’ll likely seeing a grand total of two trigonometry questions. So before you knock yourself out over SOHCAHTOA and the unit circle, back away from the 600-page trig book and take a deep breath: there are far better ways to spend your prep time. Basic Facts about the Math Section Time Allotted: 80 minutes Total Questions: 58 Calculator portion: 38 questions, 55 minutes (about 1:30 minutes per question) No-Calculator portion: 20 questions, 25 minutes (1:15 minutes per question) New SAT Math Question types: Multiple-choice (always with four options): 45 questions Student-produced response (fancy speak for â€Å"what’s the answer, buddy?†): 13 questions Concept # of questions Percent of the test Heart of Algebra 19 33% Problem Solving and Data Analysis 17 29% Passport to Advanced Math 16 28% Additional Topics in Math 6 10% Here is a high-level breakdown of each concept: Heart of Algebra: This is your meat-and-potatoes algebra, the basic stuff. No exponents next to your ‘x’s. This is what we call linear equations. 4x + 1 = 7. Of course, the test won’t ask you to solve basic equations like that. Instead, it’ll give you really long word problems in which the solutions amounts to something like 3n – 3 = 12. And assuming that’s the right equation, all you’ll have to do is solve for ‘n’. Problem Solving and Data Analysis: This is basically the graph and table section: bar charts, pie graphs, tedious tables with a bunch of figures for you to sort through. There will also be a fair number of word problems that ask anything involving ratios and percents, to questions dealing with median and mode. Passport to Advanced Math: This is the part most are dreading, high-order polynomials. However, often it’s nothing more than the variety will often be buried under a mass of verbiage, as in a 12-line word problem that you must solving using a polynomial. Often, you’ll have to find creative ways to balance the equation and solve for ‘x’. Additional Topics: This is the frustratingly vague section in which all the remainders got thrown in to, in no particular order, they are geometry, coordinate geometry and trigonometry. For everything you need to master all parts of the SAT Math section, check out Magooshs SAT eBook!

Street Gangs And Its Effects On The Minds Of Today s Youth

Street gangs have played a major role in the minds of today’s youth. For some youth, joining a gang is considered to be a rite of passage. Most youth join gangs to have a sense of brotherhood and sisterhood, to be accepted, to feel protected, and to feel like they belong (Violent Prevent Institute, 2016). In most cases, they look up to the older men or women in gangs for guidance not realizing that in most cases, the older people who are in the gang joined for the same reasons (Violent Prevent Institute, 2016). In most city neighborhoods, joining a gang is the urban equivalent of joining the Cub Scouts or a Brownie troop in the suburbs. For a lot of the older gang members, it is a matter of simple economics. They often cannot find legal work and certainly nothing that pays nearly as well as selling drugs and committing crimes (Violent Prevent Institute, 2016). Youth want to have the same flashy lifestyle that provides them with expensive clothing, drugs, sex, and respect (Viol ent Prevent Institute, 2016). Gang violence is something that affects us all in many ways. A lot of people are terrified of gang violence. With every wrong decision, there could be major consequences following it. In the United States, there is estimated to be over 1.5 million people in gangs and roughly 35,000 different gangs operating. Some recognizable gangs are Gangster Disciples, Black Disciples, Bloods, Crips, Two Six, and Latin Kings (Hagan, 2016). Among those gangs are other street gangs,Show MoreRelatedAn Essay on Cause and Effect972 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Cause and Effect essay: A change in the way you deal with other people Introduction The human civilization, from the beginning of the times, has been dictated by constant cultural and social changes. 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How could Boots use relationship marketing - 1124 Words

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Impact of Cuban Trade Embargo Free Essays

string(121) " of exports and re-exports that also must appear in line with the licensing policy of the Department of Commerce† \(U\." The Impact of the Cuban Trade Embargo By: Natalie Bell 2/25/09 [pic] International Business Law BLAW 4320 [pic] Cuba, the largest island nation in the Caribbean just ninety miles off the coast of Florida, experienced many difficult struggles through its extensive history. It was the last major Spanish colony to gain independence, following a lengthy struggle that was begun in 1868. It was in 1898 when the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Cuban Trade Embargo or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. intervened during the Spanish-American War that it finally overthrew Spanish rule. The Treaty of Paris established Cuban independence, which was granted in 1902 after a three-year transition period. The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934, which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay naval base to the United States (CIA World Factbook). In the time before 1959, the United States had maintained strong ties with Cuba. Many Americans had many various business investments there, and the country was a special place for tourists from around the world. Since the fall of the U. S. -supported dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista in 1959, it was Fidel Castro who has mainly led Cuba throughout the years. It was in Febuary 19, 2008 when Fidel Castro finally ceded power to his brother Raul Castro. Since the majority of Cubans were born after the 1959 revolution, most of the Cuban people have known no other leader. President Fidel Castro outlasted no fewer than nine American presidents since he took power in 1959 (Castro:Profile). Relations between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as Fidel Castro and the Cuban regime moved toward the acceptance of the one-party communist system. Cuba seized the assets of American citizens and U. S. irms including farms, factories, hotels, bank accounts, and real estate without compensation. It was finally on April 16, 1961 when Fidel Castro declared Cuba a socialist state. Cuba’s Communist revolution, with Soviet support, was brought to other countries throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Castro maintained close relations with the Soviet Union and worked jointly with the goals of Soviet communism by funding and provoking violent rebellious activities, as well as using military intervention in other countries, until the fall of the U. S. S. R. in 1991 (Castro: Profile). In response, the United States imposed an embargo on Cuba in October 1960, and, broke diplomatic relations on January 3, 1961. This began the over forty-year period of tension between the U. S. and Cuba, beginning with President Kennedy’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1963 and the Cuban Missile Crises (CIA World Factbook). Since 1961, Cuba portrayed many difficulties as the result of the U. S. embargo and the embargo had a great effect on both nations. It was in 1963 that the United States passed the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, under the authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act. The Act was enacted in 1917 to restrict trade with countries that are hostile to the United States. The law gives the President the power to oversee or restrict any or all trade between the U. S. and its enemies in times of war. The purpose of the law was to isolate Cuba economically and politically. It banned all trade and financial transactions between Cuba and the U. S. , and froze all U. S. held assets of the Cuban government and of private Cuban citizens. It also prohibited almost all travel to Cuba by researchers, student groups, journalists, athletes, and those traveling to see immediate family members (Schaffer 268). After the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990’s, the U. S. Congress wanted to pressure Cuba for democratic change. First in 1992, the U. S. Congress approved the Cuban Democracy Act, restricting Americans from vis iting the island, banning family remittances, and prohibiting foreign subsidiaries of U. S. ompanies from doing business with Cuba. Following a few years later, on March 12, 1996, President Bill Clinton signed the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act, also called the Helms-Burton Act. After this law was signed, it further toughened the Cuban sanctions. It imposed penalties on foreign companies doing business in Cuba, it permitted U. S. citizens to file lawsuits against foreign investors who made use of the American-owned property that was seized after 1959 by the Cuban government, and it denied an entry visa into the U. S. to such foreign investors. It was a very controversial because this included many Mexican, Canadian, and European businessmen who did business in Cuba (268). The passage of the Helm-Burton Act caused a worldwide protest, primarily in Mexico, Canada, and the European Union, who argued that the Helm-Burton Act violated international law. A protest was filed with the World Trade Organization by the European Union, but was suspended when the Clinton Administration reassured that the law for visa restrictions under Title III of the Helm-Burton Act would not be enforced against citizens in third world countries. The Act calls for the trade sanctions between the U. S. and Cuba to end as soon as Cuba agrees to have a democratically elected government, abide by human rights conventions, opens its prisons to international inspection, returns Cuban citizenship to Cuban exiles living in the U. S. , and makes progress in returning expropriated property to its rightful owners (268). Today, there are many laws, rules, and regulations that derived from the U. S. sanctions against Cuba. Presently, most commercial imports from Cuba are illegal by law but remain listed under the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 (TSRA). Under the Act, the sale of certain items, including medicine and medical supplies, and agricultural commodities have been approved for export by specific regulations. According to the Act, â€Å"The Department of the Treasury is responsible in issuing licenses that are used to export these goods on a case-by-case scenario and authorizing Cuban travel-related transactions that are only relating to marketing, sales negotiation, accompanied delivery, and servicing of exports and re-exports that also must appear in line with the licensing policy of the Department of Commerce† (U. You read "Impact of Cuban Trade Embargo" in category "Papers" S. Treasury Department). The only sectors in which U. S. citizens may sell and service products to Cuba include agricultural commodities, medicine, and medical devices. The Treasury Department will is also be able to consider requests for specific licenses for humanitarian travel, educational exchanges (that are at least 10 weeks in length), and religious activities by individuals or groups that are associated with a religious organization. However, any U. S. citizen or corporation that is subject to U. S. law and engages in any travel-related transaction in Cuba violates the regulations. The Act specifically states that, â€Å"The Cuban Assets Control Regulations affects all U. S. citizens and permanent residents wherever they are located, all people and organizations physically in the United States, and all branches and subsidiaries of U. S. organizations throughout the world† (U. S. Treasury Department). If the regulations are not followed, then it may result in both civil penalties and criminal prosecution upon return to the United States (U. S. Treasury Department). Today, traveling to Cuba also has many rules and laws that make traveling to the Cuba very complex. In 2004, President Bush’s Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba placed a further reduction on the restrictions on family visits to Cuba. Visits by Cuban Americans to family in Cuba are permitted only once every 3 years instead of once every year. No humanitarian exceptions are given if there is any of a family illness or crisis going on in Cuba. Visits are restricted to two weeks and strictly limited to immediate family as defined by the U. S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), which eliminates the right to visit cousins, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, or more distant relatives (LAWG). Only if a traveler receives a license, then a valid passport will be required for entry into Cuba. The Cuban government requires that travelers obtain their visas before they arrive to the country. If there are attempts to enter or exit Cuba illegally, or there is in any kind of aid in helping Cuban nationals or others escape Cuba then punishment is served by stiff jail terms. Entering Cuban territory, territorial waters or airspace, which include being within 12 miles of the Cuban coast, without any prior permission from the Cuban government may result in arrest or other enforcement actions by Cuban authorities. According to the U. S. Department of State, most immigration violators are subject to prison terms that range from four years for illegal entry or exit to as many as 30 years for certain cases of assisting Cuban migrants to attempt to leave Cuba illegally (U. S. Department of State). Family remittances or money sent to Cuba also have specific rules and regulations that must be followed by the people residing under U. S. law. According to the U. S. Department of State, â€Å"U. S. ersons aged 18 or older may send money to members of the remitter’s immediate family in Cuba of up to $300 per household in any consecutive three-month period, regardless of the number of members of the remitter’s immediate family residing in that household. † The law also states that no member of the household can be a prohibited official of the Government of Cuba or a prohibited member of the Cuban Communist Party (U. S. Department of State). Other laws that are also a part of the on g oing U. S. embargo with the Cuban government involves the use of money in Cuba that U. S. travelers are limited to spend during their stay in Cuba. U. S. people traveling to Cuba to visit their family or traveling for other purposes can spend no more than $50 per day on non-transportation-related expense in Cuba, and up to an additional $50 per trip to pay for transportation-related expenses in Cuba. However, professionals such as journalists, photographers, or any other kind of licensed travelers may spend additional money for their professions that are directly related to what they need in order to fulfill their work (U. S. Department of State). It is also interesting to know that U. S. citizens and permanent resident aliens are not allowed from using their credit cards, personal checks, or travelers’ checks that are drawn from U. S. banks in Cuba. U. S. credit card companies do not accept any kind of vouchers from Cuba, and, at the same time, Cuban shops, hotels and other places of business do not accept any types of U. S. credit cards (U. S. Department of State). Today, the U. S. Cuban embargo has become one of the most controversial issues upon many countries throughout the world. There have been many advocating for a change of the current policies towards Cuba for some time now. The sanction has continuously been condemned and voted against by almost all nations throughout the world. For the 16th consecutive year, the U. N. General Assembly recommended that the U. S. ended the embargo. In 2006, a total of 183 member nations of the U. N called on the U. S. to end the sanctions with Cuba (Sierra). In 2007, the 192-member General Assembly passed the measure by 184 votes to four, with one abstention (U. S. Urged). According to Remy Herrera, â€Å"The normative content of this embargo and its rules, which the U. S. intends to inflict on the international community with its unilateral sanctions is a violation of the spirit and letter of the United Nations Charter and of the Organization of American States, and of the very fundamentals of international law† (Herrera). This excessive extension of the territorial jurisdiction of the U. S. , Herrera adds, â€Å"Is contrary to the principle of national sovereignty and to that of non-intervention in the internal choices of a foreign state, s recognized in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice† (Herrera). According to Richard Schaffer, even the Vatican protested Helms-Burton, claiming that it increased economic suffering of the Cuban People. Many trade groups have also argued against the law because they believed that economic engagement actually would promote freedom in totalitarian countries. The U. S. firms that are h oping to engage in the business activities in Cuba also seek an ending to the U. S. trade sanctions (Schaffer 269). According to U. S. Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi, many feel that the lifting of the travel restrictions to Cuba, family remittances, and trade exchange are necessary and are some of the most important issues in the policy changing process that the U. S. needs to undergo in order to have better relations with Cuba (Pelosi). Ironically, surveys of the American public opinion show that the vast majority of Americans favor ending sanctions as well, and recognizing the government of Cuba (Schaffer 269). According to a recent poll from USA Today that took place between February 21- 24, 2008, 61% of 2,021 adults nationwide favored re-establishing U. S. diplomatic relations with Cuba, 29% opposed, and 10% of the people were unsure (PollingReport). Over Forty-five years of communism have left the island nation an economic ruin and the U. S. embargo had many diverse effects on Cuba. According to a BusinessWeek article by Geri Smith, â€Å"The Cuban government has always referred to the embargo as a ‘blockade,’ a word that has a more sinister tone than ‘embargo’† (Smith). Cuba went through many difficulties as the result of the U. S. embargo since 1961 and suffered much more since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The country faced a severe economic downturn, which really caused the Cubans’ living standards to significantly fall. The disappearance of Soviet aid following the collapse of the USSR forced the government to introduce tight rationing of energy, food, and consumer goods, as well as the withdrawal of the former Soviet annual subsidies that were worth $4 billion to $6 billion (Country Profile: Cuba). Since then, it has taken action with limited reforms in order to increase enterprise efficiency and improve some of their economic problems which included their serious shortages of food and goods. Due to the economic problems and domestic inefficiencies that Cuba faced during the 1990’s, President Castro allowed a few steps towards a more market-oriented system. In 1993, the U. S. dollar was accepted by Cuba and allowed to circulate throughout the nation. Because of their lack of basic necessities and few consumer goods, Cuba’s economy persisted with the help of Canadian, European and Latin American investments. Essentially for Cuba, the nation also developed closer relations with China and Venezuela. China invested in Cuba’s nickel industry and provided Cuba support in the form of trade credit, technology, and investment capital while Venezuela provided supply to cheap fuel (Smith). Since late 2000, Venezuela has been supplying about 100,000 barrels per day of petroleum products. Cuba has been paying for this oil with the services of Cuban personnel in Venezuela, including 20,000 medical professionals (CIA WorldFactbook). After market factors improved, in 2004 the U. S. dollar transactions in Cuba were banned and a 10% tax was imposed on the dollar-peso conversions. According to the CIA World Factbook, Cuban exports total $3. 31 billion and their major exports include Sugar, nickel, tobacco, fish, medical products, citrus, and coffee partners. The countries that Cuba mainly exports to include the Netherlands (21. 8%), Canada (21. 6%), China (18. 7%), Spain (5. 9%) (CIA WorldFactbook). On the other hand, Cuban imports have totaled $10. 86 billion and consist mainly of petro leum, food, machinery and equipment, and chemicals. The countries that Cuba mainly imports from include Venezuela (26. 6%), China (15. 6%), Spain (9. 8%), Germany (6. 4%), Canada (5. 6%), Italy (4. 4%,) the U. S. (4. 3%), and Brazil (4. %) (CIA WorldFactobook) Today, Cuba has two currencies in circulation, which include the Cuban peso (CUP) and the convertible peso (CUC). The Cuban peso (CUP) is specifically for the Cubans, while the convertible peso (CUC) is strictly for tourists and foreign businessmen. According to a BBC News article by Michael Voss, â€Å"The average Cuban salary of 400 pesos a month is worth about $16, yet almost everything available in the shops has to be paid for in the convertible pesos (CUC’s)† (Voss). â€Å"Why has the economy moved to convertible pesos when workers are paid in the national currency? † declared one of the students in the article. You need to work for two days just to buy a toothbrush† (Voss). The problem with the dual currency is one of the biggest challenges that negatively influences the Cuban economy. Cuba faces many hardships because of the economic problems throughout the country. Many of the effects have caused an increase in prostitution, corruption, black marketeering and desperate efforts to escape in search of a better life (Country Profile: Cuba). Many Cubans had enough with the hardships and risk their lives to escape from the country. Thousands have tried to escape through the sea in a waterborne exodus to Florida, but many have drowned. Castro: Profile) According to the BBC News article, Castro: Profile of the Great Survivor, â€Å"Even his own daughter Alina Fernandez prefers a life of exile as a dissident in Miami to rule under her ‘despotic’ father† (Castro: Profile). According to the CIA World Fact Book, illicit migration to the U. S. , using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, or air flights, is still a continuing problem. The U. S. Coast Guard seized 2,8 64 people trying to cross the Straits of Florida in the year 2006 (CIA WorldFactbook). Cuba has also been fraudulent with the UN’s top human rights forum, over specific rights abuses. The UN has insisted that Cuba allows for freedom of expression and to release imprisoned protesters who have protested against the government (Country Profile: Cuba). The U. S. has caused Cuba many economic damages because of the U. S. embargo. According to U. S. congresswoman Nancy Pelosi, â€Å"The over-45-year US economic, commercial and financial blockade of Cuba has translated into over 89 billion dollar losses for the U. S. † (Pelosi). According to the article, The Effects of the U. S. Embargo Against Cuba, the direct economic losses for Cuba by the U. S. embargo would exceed 70 billion dollars. The damages were estimated by calculating amounts of Cuba’s potential earnings and unnecessary losses since the institution of the U. S. embargo in 1961. The embargo negatively affected all of the sectors in Cuba, which also directly imposed on the major driving forces of the Cuban economy, which included tourism, foreign direct investments (FDI) and currency transfers (Herrera). Cuba became very limited in having access to technologies and various resources because of the obstacles that were forced by the Unites States. According to a Business Week article, â€Å"Trade and investment open up economies to new ideas. Cell phones, the Internet, and other high-tech communication technologies are detrimental to closed-minded bureaucracies† (Farrel). Since December, 2001, when food and agricultural products were allowed to be exported to Cuba, over $2 billion dollars worth of goods were earned by U. S. firms and shippers (LAWG). According to the article, The Travel Industry’s Push to Unlock Cuba, loosening the restrictions could boost the U. S. economy in the long term by as much as $1. 6 billion annually and create as many as 23,000 new jobs (Unlock Cuba). In this way, Cuba has the potential for economic growth if the U. S. nds or even loosens their trade sanctions. This can also further ease the hardships and economic issues of poverty in Cuba. Relations between the United States and Cuba are hoping to improve in the future, especially because Fidel Castro retired his control over Cuba. Many hope that Cuba will be open for business and that there may be signs of new beginnings of chang e on the economic front under Raul Castro (Smith). Some, however, are more skeptical of the idea. According to a recent poll from USA Today that took place between February 21- 24 of 2008, only 37% of 2,021 people felt that the situation for people in Cuba would get better. A majority of 51% felt that the situation for people in Cuba would stay the same, 6% felt that it would get worse, and 6% felt they were unsure (PollingReport). Fortunately, Raul Castro has introduced a series of reforms since taking over as president from his brother Fidel in February and has already taken steps on improving certain services for the Cuban public. The new leader started focusing on some of the most-mentioned problems, such as spotty public transportation and the low wages paid by the government to private farmers (Smith). According to the article, Cuban Leaders Plan More Reforms, these reforms have also included the removal of some restrictions on the purchase of electrical goods such as mobile phones, microwave ovens and DVD players. According to the article, Cubans have been reported to take out 7,400 new mobile phone contracts in the 10 days since the restrictions were eased. The country has also lifted a ban on its people staying in hotels previously reserved for foreigners (Cuban Leaders). It will be interesting to see if more market-oriented steps will take place with the Raul Castro’s new regime. Another major issue that will be crucial for many U. S. businesses as soon as the embargo ends in the future is the growing interest in the tourism sector of Cuba. According to an article by Sucharita Mulpuru, Americans represent only a small part of the nearly 1. 2 million visitors who come to Cuba every year, mainly from Canada, Spain, France, Germany, and Britain (Mulpuru). Tourism continues to inspire high hopes among many investors. In the article, Enzo Alberto, the Canadian-Italian CEO of ICC, a major investor in the island’s Internet infrastructure states, â€Å"I believe that Cuba could be to America like Hong Kong is to Asia,† (Mulpuru). Many countries pour nearly $2 billion into the economy, outstripping revenues from sugar and other core crops such as tobacco (Mulpuru). According to the article, A Warmer Climate for Trade with Cuba, the industry argues that the island nation is a potential source of needed revenues that would be able to boost both the travel business and the U. S. economy while opening to tourism and foreign investment in Cuba. As a result, this will also boost the economy as well as the currency reserves of Cuba. Unfortunately, all of this potential to help both economies and many people in both nations will not end until the U. S. rade embargo ends and the Cuban government loosens its stranglehold on the economy. It will be interesting to see how the U. S. embargo will be affected by the policies of the future elected president of the U. S. Of the three leading Presidential candidates, only Democratic contender Senator Barack Obama has stated that he would be willing to sit down and talk with Rau l Castro’s government, as long as human rights are on the agenda. On the other hand, Senator Hillary Clinton stated said she would not do so until Cuba started to implement economic and political reforms, while Senator John McCain has kept President George W. Bush’s policy and states that â€Å"talks are off† until Cuba begins a â€Å"transition to a free and open society† and releases all political prisoners (Smith). According to the Associated Press, the presidential candidates are expected to lightly discuss the question of lifting the embargo during their campaign. According to their article, Five-decade U. S. Trade Embargo with Cuba Expected to Outlast Fidel Castro, there is a great deal of sensitivity on the issue, especially in states with high populations of Cuban immigrants such as Florida (Associated Press). The entrepreneurs of the U. S. ave seen their foreign competitors take advantage of opportunities in Cuba. U. S. businesspersons can only hope that the trade and travel restrictions will be lifted eventually, so that they can tap the potential markets in Cuba especially in the tourism and agricultural sectors. This is very unlikely to happen soon because of the ongoing disputes between many in regards to the Cuban embargo. The impact of the Cuban embargo caused many diverse effects for both nations, but with new policies and politicians that are developing for the future, this story can be the end of an old era. Works Cited ACN Cuban News Agency. 2007, May 2). â€Å"Nancy Pelosi Says U. S. Blockade of Cuba Should be Lifted. † Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://www. cubanews. ain. cu/2008/0425nancypelosi. htm Alomso, Cynthia C. â€Å"The Travel Industry’s Push to Unlock Cuba. † BusinessWeek. 27 August 2003 Associated Press. Five-decade U. S. Trade Embargo with Cuba Expected to Outlast Fidel Castro. 20 February 2008. Retrieved on April 24, 2008 from http://www1. whdh. com/news/articles/national/BO73631 BBC News. (2008, February 19). â€Å"Castro: Profile of the Great Survivor†. Retrieved April 24, 2008 from http://news. bbc. co. k/2/hi/americas/244974. stm BBC News. (2008, April 12). â€Å"Cuban Leaders Plan More Reforms†. Retrieved April 24, 200 8, from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/7343883. stm BBC News. (2008, February 26). â€Å"Country Profile: Cuba†. Retrieved April 24, 2008 from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1203299. stm BBC News. (2008, April 24). â€Å"Cubans Snapping Up Mobile Phones†. Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/business/7364791. stm BBC News. (2007, October 30). â€Å"U. S. Urged to End Cuba Embargo†. Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://www. bbc. co. k/caribbean/news/story/2007/10/071030_cubaun. shtml CIA World Factbook. Cuba. (nd). Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu. html Farrell, Christopher. â€Å"The Case Against Embargoes† BusinessWeek. 25 April 2005 Herrera, Remy. The Effects of the U. S. ‘Embargo’ Against Cuba. 7 October 2003. Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. alternatives. ca/article876. html Latin America Working Grou p (LAWG). Top Ten Reasons For Changing U. S. Policy Toward Cuba. (nd) Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. lawg. org/docs/new_member_packet. df Magnusson, Paul. â€Å"A Warmer Climate For Trade in Cuba. † BusinessWeek. 16 June 2000 Mulpuru, Sucharita. â€Å"In Cuba, History’s Joy—and Curse. † BusinessWeek. 3 Feb 2003. Pew Hispanic Center. Cubans in the Unite States: A Profile. 25 August 2006. Retrieved from http://pewhispanic. org/files/factsheets/23. pdf Polling Report. Cuba. Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. pollingreport. com/cuba. htm Plummer, Robert. â€Å"How Cubans Heal Their Economic Ills† BBC News. 3 January 2007. Schaffer R. , Earle B. , Agusti F. (2005). International Business Law and Its Environment. Ohio: Thomson-Southwestern West. (6e). Sierra, J. A. Economic Embargo Timeline. (nd). Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. historyofcuba. com/history/funfacts/embargo. htm Smith, Geri. â€Å"Cuba Under the Other Castro? † BusinessWeek. 24 February 2008 Smith, Geri. â€Å"When Will Cuba Be Open for Business? † BusinessWeek. 29 February 2008 U. S. Department of the State. (http://www. state. gov). Retrieved on April 22, 2008. U. S. Department of the Treasury. â€Å"Cuba: What You Need To Know About The U. S. Embargo†. Retrieved April 22, 2008 from http://www. treas. gov/ofac Voss, Michael. â€Å"Stepping Into Big Brother’s Shoes? † BBC News. 24 February 2008 How to cite Impact of Cuban Trade Embargo, Papers

Radar in the Modern World Essay Example For Students

Radar in the Modern World Essay Scott MartinD. HylandEnglish 192Research PaperRadar in the Modern WorldRadar is usually taken for granted in these days of modern technology. Many people do not know how radar is really used, how it works, or why we need it. People are familiar with several uses of radar like police enforcement radar guns and radar that measures how fast a baseball is pitched in a major league game. These are only a few of the many uses radar has to offer. Radar can determine several properties of an object from a distance, such as its position, speed, direction of travel, and shape; it can also detect objects out of the range of sight in all weather conditions, making it a fundamental utility for many industries. The term radar actually came from the acronym representing RAdio Detection And Ranging. Radar is a detection system used to locate and identify objects. Simply put, radar is the process in which radio waves are emitted from the source of the system; those waves ricochet off objects in their path, and the radar system detects the echoes of signals that return. One would think that so important a contribution to the worlds technology would be chronicled with great care at every stepThis, unfortunately, is not the case, and for reasons quite understandable (Page 14). Sometimes history can be hard to distinguish from truth and legend, the history of radar is no exception. Many contributions have been made to the development of radar over the years. For many years prior and during the Second World War, radar was considered a top-secret military tool. Once it was made public, people used the existing information about radar to come up with their own variations for different applications. A s a result, the true origin of radar has become blurred within conflicting claims. Radar can be traced back as far as 1832 when British physicist Michael Faraday suggested the existence of an electromagnetic field between certain objects from his scientific observations. Working from these ideas, British physicist James Clerk Maxwell predicted mathematically the existence and behavior of radio waves in 1873. In 1886, physicist Heinrich Hertz from Germany and Elihu Thomson from America confirmed the existence of radio waves with demonstrations showing examples of reflection, refraction, and direction finding of radio waves. By 1904, Christian Hulsmeyer, a German inventor, applied for a patent for a device that used radio waves in a collision-avoidance device for ships. Hulsmeyers system was not very accurate and only signaled when two ships radio waves were in concurrent directions, which meant that they were headed directly for each other; however, it was only effective for a range of one mile. His detection device worked off the ships existing low-frequency radios which did not travel very far. In June of 1922, Italian radio expert, Guglielmo Marconi drew attention to the fact that he had observed the reflection of high-frequency waves by metallic objects many miles away (Page 183); soon after this discovery, many people from around the world began developing devices to use this discovery for navigation purposes . The first true discovery of radar was in September of 1922 when Americans Albert H. Taylor and Leo C. Young observed the interruption of high frequency radio communication by ship passing between transmitter and receiver. They also observed beats produced by large objects when they moved within the transmission area (between the source and receiver). Taylor and Young named it the beat method for a reason. While working with a high frequency radio communication from opposing sides of a river in New York, the normal steady tone that they were working on suddenly grew twice in loudness then faded into nothing. A short time after, the tone grew back to twice its original loudness, and then back down to its original decibel level. In curiosity, the men looked out to see that a large steam boat had just passed through their line of radio signal causing the gap in radio contact. Since both men were employed by the U.S. Navy, they knew the difficulties the navy had with guarding a harbor in low visibility (Page 21). At that moment, the first practical use of radar was born. Radar was still in its infancy, but ideas were showing up everywhere. In 1930, Young and Lawrence A. Hyland were studying at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, experimenting with a short-wave transmitter and receiver over several miles. The receiver started to pick up unusual reception, and the tone fluctuated up and down. Looking for what was wrong, Hyland checked and rechecked all the possibilities. Finally, he discovered that at every instance the mysterious ac tion took place, an airplane was flying overhead. With this new discovery, radar became a known science, and the military set up a formalized project titled Detection of Enemy Vessels and Aircraft by Radio (Page 26). These two discoveries by Young, Taylor, and Hyland were crucial in the development of the original form of radar. Without these discoveries, there would be no radar. Miles Davis Persuasive EssayThe implications of radar are unimaginably diverse, from police enforcement for speed all the way to satellite imaging. One of the most common encounters with radar people deal with is police-issued radar guns. Law enforcement officers use radar in order to tell them how fast drivers are traveling. Police must aim the radar at a reflective surface, such as a piece of metal on a car, and the gun picks up the returning waves; the returned waves are measured and calculated internally using the Doppler Principle. Doppler radar is used in many ways, and the most common way people encounter is on the television. The news at five oclock always shows the weather predictions for the upcoming days. The meteorologist shows several images of the United States. What he/she shows are the weather movements. They can easily look up weather movements using satellite imaging and radar. This radar is called Doppler Radar; it uses electric pulses out into the atmosphere almost constantly. The radar that returns is from the raindrops within a cloud. They can create a digital picture of the cloud shape from the different lengths of the returned microwaves. Over time, the cloud(s) move, and the radar in conjunction with satellite imaging, which also uses radar, creates a picture on a computer screen in turn, showed on viewers home televisions. Viewers are now accustomed to seeing the forecasts with the radar-produced images. Some consider radar the most useful tool in warfare. During World War II, both sides used radar as a fairly accurate indicator of location. Radar prevented the enemy from carrying out surprise aerial attacks. One thing that the radar could not yet perform is distinguish between friendly aircraft, enemy aircraft, or even a large flock of birds. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1945 was a complete surprise on the Pacific fleet because the soldiers watching the radar saw the incoming aircraft and assumed it to be their own array of bombers returning early. Needless to say, radar has improved over the last 60 years. Military today depends on radar for more information today then they ever did before. Radar can be in fixed positions, mobile units, or even satellites. The element of surprise is a great advantage in military tactics, and the removal of the surprise can be quite beneficial to the defender. Military uses radar for two main reasons: to constantly scan for enemies or to pinpoint potential targets. It is extremely effective in both applications. Another effect radar has on the world is through the applications in aviation. Used all over the world in thousands of airports, radar has increased safety by an immeasurable degree. Depending on how large the airport may be, it could have its own radar system. Air traffic control uses radar to see aircrafts locations. Using the information about the location of the aircraft, the Air Traffic Control man/woman can direct the individual aircraft out of harms way. Several aircraft today, especially military, have display screens showing where other aircraft are. Even though they can see where the other aircraft is, the radar system is on the ground in a fixed point. Truly understanding how radar works takes a lot of dedication to the subject. Calculus and trigonometry are involved with the processing of radar. Many people have dedicated their lives to further understanding radar because of their interests. Throughout the world, radar has countless uses ranging from measuring how fast pitchers can throw the ball during a baseball game, what the weather is going to be, how fast a car is going down a street, and to the extremes of pinpointing the position of enemy defense posts. Without radar, life would not be the same. WORKS CITEDBritannica Concise Encyclopedia. 2004. Encyclopedia Britannica. 12 Oct. 2004 . Brookner, Eli. Radar Technology. Dedham, Eng. Artech, 1977. Cole, Henry W., Understanding RADAR. London: Collins, 1985. CopRadar.com. 1999. 26 Oct. 2004 . Freeman, Tony. What Is Imaging Radar? Jet Propulsion Laboratory-NASA. 26 Oct. 2004. . Online Air Defense Radar Museum. Radomes Inc. 2003. 26 Oct 2004. . Page, Robert Morris. The Origin of Radar. Garden City, NJ: Anchor, 1962. Radar Meteorology. 1997. University of Illinois. 26 Oct. 2004 . Shafford, A. Basic Radar. Knightsbridge: Modern UP, 1947. Toomay, J.C. Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist. 2nd ed. Mendham, NJ: Scitech, 1998.

Structure of a Scientific Paper Essays - Philosophy Of Science

Structure of a Scientific Paper A scientific paper is made up of six parts; all need to be organized in a certain way and must use proper English. Experiments are used to prove or disprove hypotheses, and then the findings are reported in a scientific paper. The scientific paper can include other scientist work in it also but is must be referenced. They can also use other resources in such as excerpts from journals and articles of magazines and books. A scientific papers components are the abstract, introduction, materials, results, discussion, and acknowledgements. A scientific paper should be written in short logical sentences, using proper grammar and proper English. You should use past tense in the abstract, materials and results sections. You would also use past tense when referring to your experiment in the introduction and discussion. For your measurements you would need to use metric units because it is a universal measurement and much easier to convert to. When writing a scientific paper, scientist don't only use their own information and data, they can also use other scientist research and experiments to back up their own work or to make comparisons. You may also use letters, research, note articles, supplemental, article reviews and articles from biological magazines and other scientific researches. The first part of a scientific paper should be the abstract, which summarizes the question that your experiment is based upon. It should include your methods, results and you should also draw a conclusion in this section. It should be written after your paper is completed. The next part is the introduction, which should introduce the problems and questions in an observers view. It should include a statement to encompass your hypothesis. The third component of a scientific paper is the materials section. It should discuss the when, where, and how your experiment was done. It should include the specific dates, times and location the experiments took place. It should state how the experiment was set up and how you carried it out and how many trials you did. The Results is the next part of the paper, it should explain the data you collected, and you can't interpret your data. You should use tables or charts to show your data and provide a title and caption describing any trends, di fferences you notice in the data. You shouldn't use both tables and a written description of your data; just write captions discussing your results. The next session would be the discussions, here you can interpret your data, you should examine the results and show whether the results of the experiment supported your hypothesis. Show whether the experiment answered your question and if any new questions came up. The final part of you scientific paper should be the acknowledgements, it should recognize the contributors of your paper whether they gave you advise, supplied you with equipment or assisted you. However if they contributed significantly they should be written as authors, you should also cite the authors you referred to throughout your paper. The citing should be in alphabetic order of the author's name. A scientific paper must be organized and is very complex. It must include all six components or it will be rejected and not considered a scientific paper. It should use correct grammar and use metric units for the measurements. It should make sense to and be very clear to understand for anyone. It must show whether the experiment was a success or failure and state why. Save Submit

Learn All About German Plural Nouns With -e Endings

Learn All About German Plural Nouns With -e Endings There are several different ways to make a noun plural in German. A common way is to add an -e at the end of the word.   When to Add an -e Most German nouns of all genders that consist of one syllable will add -e at the end  to form plurals. Some nouns will also have umlaut changes. Example 1: Here, the noun gains an -e at the end and the noun becomes plural instead of masculine. der Schuh (the shoe, singular) becomes  die Schuhe (plural). Ich habe meinen Schuh verloren. (I lost my shoe.) Ich habe meine Schuhe verloren. (I lost my shoes.) Example 2: Here, the noun not only gains an -e at the end, but the u gets an umlaut.   die Wurst (the sausage, singular) becomes  die Wà ¼rste (plural). Ich esse eine Wurst. (I’m eating a sausage.) Ich esse die Wà ¼rste. (Im eating sausages.) When Plural Nouns Take a Different Ending The only time a different plural ending is added  is when the noun is dative. In this case, the noun always adds an -en ending. See the chart below for a summary of this plural group in all cases. In this chart, nom. stands for nominative, acc. stands for accusative, dat. stands for dative and gen. is genitive.   Plural Nouns With -e Endings Read more about plural nouns here.   Case Singular Plural nom.acc.dat.gen. der Hund (the dog)den Hunddem Hunddes Hundes die Hundedie Hundeden Hundender Hunde nom.acc.dat.gen. die Hand (the hand)die Handder Handder Hand die Hndedie Hndeden Hndender Hnde nom.acc.dat.gen. das Hemd (the shirt)das Hemddem Hemddes Hemdes die Hemdedie Hemdeden Hemdender Hemde

Angkor Wat, Cambodia

Angkor Wat, Cambodia The temple complex at Angkor Wat, just outside of Siem Reap, Cambodia, is world famous for its intricate lotus blossom towers, its enigmatic smiling Buddha images and lovely dancing girls (apsaras), and its geometrically perfect moats and reservoirs. An architectural jewel, Angkor Wat itself is the largest religious structure in the world. It is the crowning achievement of the classical Khmer Empire, which once ruled most of Southeast Asia. The Khmer culture and the empire alike were built around a single critical resource: water. Lotus Temple on a Pond: The connection with water is immediately apparent at Angkor today. Angkor Wat (meaning Capital Temple) and the larger Angkor Thom (Capital City) are both surrounded by perfectly square moats. Two five-mile-long rectangular reservoirs glitter nearby, the West Baray and the East Baray. Within the immediate neighborhood, there are also three other major barays and numerous small ones. Some twenty miles to the south of Siem Reap, a seemingly inexhaustible supply of freshwater stretches across 16,000 square kilometers of Cambodia. This is the Tonle Sap, Southeast Asias largest freshwater lake. It may seem odd that a civilization built on the edge of Southeast Asias great lake should need to rely on a complicated irrigation system, but the lake is extremely seasonal. During the monsoon season, the vast amount of water pouring through the watershed causes the Mekong River to actually back up behind its delta, and begin to flow backward. The water flows out over the 16,000 square kilometer lake-bed, remaining for about 4 months. However, once the dry season returns, the lake shrinks down to 2,700 square kilometers, leaving the Angkor Wat area high and dry. The other problem with Tonle Sap, from an Angkorian point of view, is that it is at a lower elevation than the ancient city. Kings and engineers knew better than to site their wonderful buildings too close to the erratic lake/river, but they did not have the technology to make water run uphill. Engineering Marvel: In order to provide a year-round supply of water for irrigating rice crops, the engineers of the Khmer Empire connected a region the size of modern-day New York City with an elaborate system of reservoirs, canals, and dams. Rather than using the water of Tonle Sap, the reservoirs collect monsoon rainwater and store it for the dry months. NASA photographs reveal the traces of these ancient waterworks, hidden at ground level by the thick tropical rainforest. A steady water supply allowed for three or even four plantings of the notoriously thirsty rice crop per year and also left enough water for ritual use. According to Hindu mythology, which the Khmer people absorbed from Indian traders, the gods live on the five-peaked Mount Meru, surrounded by an ocean. To replicate this geography, the Khmer king Suryavarman II designed a five-towered temple surrounded by an enormous moat. Construction on his lovely design began in 1140; the temple later came to be known as Angkor Wat. In keeping with the aquatic nature of the site, each of Angkor Wats five towers is shaped like an unopened lotus blossom. The temple at Tah Prohm alone was served by more than 12,000 courtiers, priests, dancing girls and engineers at its height - to say nothing of the empires great armies, or the legions of farmers who fed all the others. Throughout its history, the Khmer Empire was constantly at battle with the Chams (from southern Vietnam) as well as different Thai peoples. Greater Angkor probably encompassed between 600,000 and 1 million inhabitants - at a time when London had perhaps 30,000 people. All of these soldiers, bureaucrats, and citizens relied upon rice and fish - thus, they relied upon the waterworks. Collapse: The very system that allowed the Khmer to support such a large population may have been their undoing, however. Recent archaeological work shows that as early as the 13th century, the water system was coming under severe strain. A flood evidently destroyed part of the earthworks at West Baray in the mid-1200s; rather than repairing the breach, the Angkorian engineers apparently removed the stone rubble and used it in other projects, idling that section of the irrigation system. A century later, during the early phase of what is known as the Little Ice Age in Europe, Asias monsoons became very unpredictable. According to the rings of long-lived po mu cypress trees, Angkor suffered from two decades-long drought cycles, from 1362 to 1392, and 1415 to 1440. Angkor had already lost control of much of its empire by this time. The extreme drought crippled what remained of the once-glorious Khmer Empire, leaving it vulnerable to repeated attacks and sackings by the Thais. By 1431, the Khmer people had abandoned the urban center at Angkor. Power shifted south, to the area around the present-day capital at Phnom Pehn. Some scholars suggest that the capital was moved to better take advantage of coastal trading opportunities. Perhaps the upkeep on Angkors waterworks was simply too burdensome. In any case, monks continued to worship at the temple of Angkor Wat itself, but the rest of the 100 temples and other buildings of the Angkor complex were abandoned. Gradually, the sites were reclaimed by the forest. Although the Khmer people knew that these marvelous ruins stood there, amidst the jungle trees, the outside world did not know about the temples of Angkor until French explorers began to write about the place in the mid-nineteenth century. Over the past 150 years, scholars and scientists from Cambodia and around the world have worked to restore the Khmer buildings and unravel the mysteries of the Khmer Empire. Their work has revealed that Angkor Wat truly is like a lotus blossom - floating atop a watery realm. Photo Collections from Angkor: Various visitors have recorded Angkor Wat and surrounding sites over the past century. Here are some historic photos of the region. Margaret Hays photos from 1955. National Geographic/Robert Clarks photos from 2009. Â   Sources Angkor and the Khmer Empire, John Audric. (London: Robert Hale, 1972). Angkor and the Khmer Civilization, Michael D. Coe. (New York: Thames and Hudson, 2003). The Civilization of Angkor, Charles Higham. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004). Angkor: Why an Ancient Civilization Collapsed, Richard Stone. National Geographic, July 2009, pp. 26-55.

Contemporary Developments in Business and Management Essay - 5

Contemporary Developments in Business and Management - Essay Example It is estimated that retails sales in the sector would go up to  £137bn by 2010 although most of it will be in the convenience sector. The SWOT analysis suggests Asda has plenty of opportunity for growth if it focuses on online shopping, where Tesco has been dominating so far. Internet has penetrated the business environment and e-commerce has become common place but companies are unable to reap benefits because of the challenges it poses. In the UK grocery sector, Tesco once again dominates although its start-up costs were high. Asda did attempt online shopping but did not meet with success. If they change their model of operation and take into account several factors like building customer confidence, assuring online security and privacy and understanding customer needs, they would be able to overcome the challenges posed by e-commerce in grocery retail. The logistics would have to be worked out as well. UK grocery retailing is dominated by large multiple supermarket chains that have influenced the overall grocery retailing sector in the UK. The total retail sales through UK grocery outlets were valued at  £120bn in 2005 out of which the contribution of supermarkets and superstores was  £88bn (Defra, 2006). Retail grocery sector provides 5% of the employment in the UK and the profit margins of the supermarkets ranges between 2 and 6 percent. To achieve the economies of scale these firms operate ten or more stores and under one roof they offer the maximum number of items possible. These stores are based on the concept of self-service. The UK grocery retail is patterned after oligopoly where few major firms like Morrisons, Tesco Sainsbury, Asda and Safeway dominate the sector. They have been able to prevent new entrants into the sector. ASDA, the supermarket chain in the UK retails food, clothing, toys and general merchandise. It 1999, it became the subsidiary of American retail giant Wal-Mart, and it now ranks second largest in UK, second to